Which component of the ACA was designed specifically to assist low-income individuals?

The component of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) designed specifically to assist low-income individuals is the expansion of Medicaid eligibility. This provision allows states to broaden the criteria for Medicaid to cover individuals and families with incomes up to a certain percentage above the federal poverty level. By doing so, the ACA aimed to increase access to health care for millions who previously did not qualify for Medicaid, thereby reducing the number of uninsured people.

This measure is particularly significant as it directly addresses the gap in health care coverage for low-income individuals who may earn too much to qualify for traditional Medicaid but not enough to afford private health insurance. The expansion of Medicaid serves as a safety net for those who are financially vulnerable, ensuring they have access to necessary medical services.

In contrast, the tax penalties for the uninsured primarily aimed to encourage individuals to obtain health insurance rather than directly assist those with lower incomes. Regulation of premium rates is focused more on ensuring fairness in the marketplace and preventing excessive costs rather than specifically targeting low-income populations. Increased costs for private insurance would adversely affect all individuals, especially low-income families, making them less able to afford essential health coverage.